A study iron status assessment in mother-infant pairs in chidbirth was performed in different maternity hospitals of the city of Kindu (DRC). 392 mother-infant pairs were the subject of this study. The incidence of iron deficiency is very high in the mothers (82%) compared to that of newborns deficient (16%), all from deficient mothers (serum iron 37- 100ug/dl). No cases of anemia with iron deficiency was not observed either in the mother or in the newborn (serum iron <37ug/dl).Multiparity and low birth weight (LBW) are considered important risk factors for iron deficiency in the NN. The prevalence of pregrancy anemia of 34.2% observed in our study had no influence on iron deficiency in the newborn.

The aim of this experimental study is to assess the effectiveness of natural dietary supplement ‘’MALIZANE’’ and show interest in relation to other management strategies of iron deficiency anemia in children economically (low cost financial), continuous availability, with less risk for anemic children. The results show a significant improvement in serum iron and other hematological parameters evaluated (GR,Hb, Hct) after one month of treatment as wel as therapeutic martial (Amifer). The new support strategy for iron-deficiency and by malizane may be considered as a food supplement for infants 7 to 12 months in our environments unfavorable socioeconomic conditions. However, other studies are needed to better adventage ot the composition of this natural supplement made of cassava leaf and lemon juice.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of the methnolic leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina and its major fractions on the endogenous life cycle stages of Eimeria tenella in exprimentally-infected broiler chickens. Experimental birds were divided into seven groups of two replicates and dosed with 105sporulated oocysts of E.tenella and treated with extracts. Two birds from each replicate were sacrificed on days 5 and 6 postinfection for histopathological examination of caecal sections. In addition, the secondary oocysts recovered from treated birds at 7 days postinfection were evaluated for viability by their ability to sporulate after incubation in 2.5% potassium dichromate. Histopathological investigation of sections of the ceaca for schizonts and gametocytes revealed reduced number of schizonts and gametocytes in the caeca of birds of the treated groups compared to those of the positive control. Of interest is the efficacy of the mehanolic extract and the butanol fraction, greatly diminishing the number of schizonts and gametocyte to remarkable levels. Most of the secondary oocyts recovered from chickens treated with methanol extract, hexane fraction, butanol fraction, and aqueous residue fraction had only 33.78, 1.94, 0.36 and 0.96% non-viable oocysts, respectively, compared with those recovered from birds in the positive control group, with observed sporulation rate of 95.46%.

INTRODUCTION: H. pylori is an important global pathogen infecting many individuals worldwide. This bacterium causes gastritis and peptic ulcer disease and it is also an important risk factor for the development of stomach cancer. Despite progress in diagnosis and therapy in various regions of the world, it affects more than half of the population with a majority of the cases (about 80%) being asymptomatic and induces clinical symptoms in 15-20% of subjects OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of H. pylori infection among asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals attending the Nkwen District Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study conducted among 340 individuals who attended the Nkwen District Hospital Bamenda. The participants of this study were individuals presenting with symptoms of H. pylori infection who had the test request from the doctor, as well as those who were not having any symptoms randomly selected and accepted freely to participate in the study by signing the consent or assent forms assuring confidentiality. Individuals were allowed to participate in this research study if they had filled their questionnaires, were not undergoing treatment for the infection or had not been treated less than a month prior and also if they could give a stool sample. Structured questionnaires were filled in other to determine the associated risk factors of H. pylori in patients with or without clinical symptoms. To determine the prevalence of this infection, their stools samples were collected and tested for the presence of stool antigen against anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody conjugated in a colloid gold nitrocellulose membrane strip. An ethical clearance was obtained from the ethical review board of the University of Bamenda, administrative consent was gotten from the delegation of Public Health and from the Nkwen District Hospital administration. Data was analyzed using the statistical software package for social sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 with 95% confidence interval and results displayed on frequency tables having respective percentages. The Chi-square test was used to compare the prevalence between groups and a factor was considered significant if p≤0.05 RESULTS: Three hundred and forty participants (340) of all ages who attended the Nkwen District Hospital Bamenda took part in this study. The overall prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in the participants was 32.9% (112/340). The prevalence in the asymptomatic population was 17.36% (33/190) and the prevalence in the symptomatic population was 52.66% (79/150). The associated risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in asymptomatic individuals were their age group, frequent eating spots, incomplete medications from previous infection, frequent intake of NSAIDs, previous operation in the stomach, fasting for long periods, smoking and alcohol consumption (P-values ≤ 0.05). The associated risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in symptomatic individuals were their age group, occupation, educational level, marital status, frequent eating spot, hand hygiene after using the toilet, source of drinking water, intake of NSAIDs, previous operation in the stomach, having a close relative in your household with stomach cancer or serious gastrointestinal disorders, fasting for long periods and alcohol consumption (p-values≤0.05). CONCLUSION: In this study carried out to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients attending the Nkwen District Hospital Bamenda, The overall prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in the participants was 32.9% (112/340). The prevalence in the asymptomatic population was 17.36% (33/190) and the prevalence in the symptomatic population was 52.66% (79/150). The associated risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in asymptomatic individuals were their age group, frequent eating spots, incomplete medications from previous infection, frequent intake of NSAIDs, previous operation in the stomach, fasting for long periods, smoking and alcohol consumption. The associated risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in symptomatic individuals were their age group, occupation, educational level, marital status, frequent eating spot, hand hygiene after using the toilet, source of drinking water, intake of NSAIDs, previous operation in the stomach, having a close relative in your household with stomach cancer or serious gastrointestinal disorders, fasting for long periods and alcohol consumption.